OIKONOMIA CONVIVENCIA
THEOLOGICAL TASK FOR
THE FUTURE OF WORLD CHRISTIANITY IN ASIAN PERSPECTIVE
Signs of Times: Radical
Civilizational Crisis
The whole creation and
her inhabitants, all living beings on earth, experience the “omnicidal threat.”
Global technocracy of
modernity has radically transformed the basic fundamental framework of life in
cosmic scale. It has made the triumphal conquest over human and all living
beings and their whole abode (earth and cosmos) with epistemological and
technological regime. The conquest of nature and exploitation of her resources,
the pollution and destruction of earth and the climate change are only symptoms
of the global dominance of the technocratic regime. Human society in modern
times has created technocracy; but human
beings themselves as well as all living beings are subjugated under the
dominance of technocratic regime. The whole life of all living beings is under
the reign of the almighty power of technocracy. This power has taken in many
different manifestations as symbiotic convergence of the global economic
regime, the global military regime and the global cultural hegemony.
Technocracy is the
regime through which science and technology dominate the entire society in all
its dimensions. It governs not only the natural world, but economic, social,
political and cultural life as well. Today the social sciences and social
engineering are also integral parts of this global technocracy, permeating the
whole world and universe. Cultural sciences such as anthropology, media and
communications, education and arts are also integrated into technocratic or
tedchnetronic regime. The technocratic powers manipulate global and national political
systems according to the interests of the capital market and global hegemony.
1.
The hunger and poverty and economic violence
under the global capitalist market regime
The global
industrialization that began in the West has integrated the technocratic
advances and applied them through the global economic regime. The inherent
greed of capital – its appetite for maximum profit through unlimited growth of
the industrial economy and the casino market of global financial capital – has “totalized”
the global market economy and the entire earth. The consequences of the
neo-liberal global market are hunger, poverty and disease caused by the endless
exploitation of natural and human resources and destruction of natural
economies of life. An economy of life for all living beings is impossible under
such total economic disorder, which is beyond control.
2.
The mighty global military regime of total and
permanent war
The technocracy has
created a global military regime, based on cyber warfare and weapons systems of
mass destruction, which is integrated into the global geo-political hegemonic
military regime. The history of war and military destruction, including World
Wars I and II, has led to a permanent war system that could easily bring
omni-cidal war and the destruction of all life. But all such war-making
processes are justified in the name of “peace and security.” The most powerful
nations currently are pushing their nuclear arms race and development of
advanced weapons of mass destruction in our East Asia and West Asia. In the
eyes of the global empire, China and the Islamic world are the most
intransigent blocks to peace and security. The “Asian pivot” strategy of the
United States will bring about a major shift of geopolitical rivalry, to Asia
and the Pacific. This is a mammoth geo-political crisis for the 21st
century.
3.
The global cultural regime of hegemony
Western
technocracy has taken triumphant control through a process of conquest over
Earth and all its living beings. Western
science and technology have eroded Asian cultures to the extent that Asian
religions, ethnic identities and cultures that value life have been denigrated
and sometimes discarded. Modern civilization, with its neo-liberal global
market and global regime of military hegemony undergirded by the Western
technocracy, is unsustainable even in the cultural dimension. The global regime
of information, communication and media, being intertwined with the
technocracy, has colonized the whole cultural order, controlling information,
communication and media, and governing the perceptions and values of human
community. The global cyber process and audio-visual media should have created
a cultural order to serve the community and nation, but instead they have
eroded our life-protecting cultures and religions, and reduced the beauty and
value of life.
4.
The technocratic thrust to conquer and exploit
the earth and its beings has created the civilizational crisis of global
ecocide (ecological destruction).
All living beings in
the eco-sphere are condemned to conquest by human civilization: they suffer the fate of pollution, poisoning,
genetic manipulation and destruction. Subjugated to the profits-first market
machine, living beings are destroyed and their rich biodiversity is lost.
Unnatural disasters caused by human tampering with the environment, cause
massive damage to the abode of life on earth.
Climate change, biotech
modifications such as genetic manipulation, and nuclear fission technology are
some examples of this ecocide. The technocracy is currently working to create “trans-human”
beings through the convergence of diverse technologies (artificial
intelligence, cybernetics, information and communication, nanotechnology and
synthetic biology). This new “superhuman being” would redefine all natural
human beings as “disabled” beings.
Thus, today’s signs of
the times indicate that all living beings are now subject to limitless
exploitation by the mammonic greed of the global market, to brutal violence and
wars by the global military regime, to cultural hegemony by the global powers,
and to technocratic conquest of Mother Earth. Certainly these constitute a
grave civilizational crisis.
21st century
may be an Asian century? A century for a new civilization?
Asian has been the
cradle for the birth of major world religions and of several civilizations.
East Asia, South Asia and West Asia have been birth places of world religions,
which are still flourished with rich cultural and religious traditions and
civilizational heritages. Central Asia has been an ARCHE of religiosity and
spirituality for Asian people and Southeast Asia has been rich gardens of
religio-cultural wisdom of life for all living beings. Asia is an abode of all
living beings in infinite diversity and peoples in many colored, multi-racial,
multi cultural and multi- religious complex, where many civilization mutations
took place.
However, Asian history
for the past three centuries has been marred by the Western political colonial
domination and oppression, economic and commercial exploitation and marketization,
and military conquest and domination, cultural penetration and erosion.
Christianity has been an integral part of this history of the Western
domination. After the WW II the Asian nations and peoples suffered the Cold and
Hot Wars. Asian nation states have emulated the “modernization” in political,
economic and cultural life, emulating the Western civilization.
Asia is Coming of New
Age for New Civilization of Life for All Living Beings on Earth!
From the last century
Asian peoples’ struggles for national liberation were not merely political
projects of independence and liberation, simple economic projects of modern
economy or emulating projects of the modern Western cultures. They are projects
to overcome the Western powers of domination and to reclaim and restore their
rich historical heritages to forge a creative convergence with the Western civilization.
The West looks like the West in Asia; and yet is not a mere replica of the
West. It has distinct Asian character of its own. It has embarked consciously
and unconsciously a new way for new civilization to open a horizon of new
civilization of life for all living beings. Asia is still Asia. But Asia seeks
to be New Asia. All living beings are creative sovereign subjects of life
together in Asia as well as in all places on earth. This is the foundation of
Asia.
Christianity in the 21st
Century in Asian Perspective
Christianity is also an
Asian religion in the West Asia, geographically and culturally. Asian Christian
community has a long history and heritage (John England et al); and yet it has
been overshadowed by the Western Christian mission in the last two centuries.
(Kenneth Latourette, History of Mission….)
However, Asian Christianity
has distinct characteristics and dynamism. It is not an established religion
within kingdoms, nations and empires. It is free of political regimes. It is
similar to a pre-Constantinian Christianity in terms of its social and
political locations, and it is therefore easy to be linked with the early
Christian community, once free from of colonial dependency upon the Western
Christianity. The Western Christianity has been “established” religion with principalities
and powers that be, imperial and national political, symbiotically fused with
the power of the capitalist market regime and with the cultural establishment
such as modern technocracy.
It is a distinct
characteristic that Asian Christian communities have been in rich intercultural
and interreligious encounters and dialogues, experiencing creative and complex
convergences with Asian cultural and religious traditions from its beginning
and throughout history, bearing rich fruits. This history has been overshadowed
thus far. Once free from the Western ecclesial “bondage”, however, Asian
Christianity can rediscover rich Christian harvests of wisdom for the life
together (Oikonomia Convivencia). This is freedom of Asian Christianity, open
for creativity through convergence with Asian wisdom of life contained in many
and diverse Asian religious and cultural traditions.
Even in demographic
terms for the next decades Asian communities will grow substantially and
rapidly in many different places and in many different modes in Asia. Christian
population in Indonesia, India and South Korea has the substance and number,
which can shape the future of Asia Christianity. Especially notable is the
vitality and growth of Christian population in China and central Asia. Some
predicted that in the first quarter of the 21st century Asian
Christian population may be larger than the rest of the world Christian
population.
In terms of
sociological location education level of Asian Christian population is most
outstanding and the quality of their faith and life and their social and
cultural leadership will be substantially enhanced to play decisive roles in
their societies and in Asia community as a whole.
I believe that the very
future of world Christianity might be carried on the shoulders of the Asian
Christian movement, together with the African Christian churches. At the
present the Indonesian churches are the largest Christian community, with the
richest heritages in history, culture and religious life. Vitality of Asian
Christianity is especially remarkable. Growth of Chinese Christian community and
its development such as in the reconstruction of Chinese theology is to be
highly estimated. In this context Asian ecumenical movement might have a
special role in meeting challenges of the world. It is to open a path to a
horizon for new civilization of life in fullness.
Now the question is “What is the Future of the Earth and
all its Living beings? What are Challenges to Faith Communities in
Asia and in the World
The living words of
Jesus ring in our hearts and in the hearts of our faith communities: “ I have
come to give you life in its fullness.” (John 10:10) The Kairotic vision of new heaven and new
earth and the new city of life therein has been granted given to all the
faithful, inviting all nations and peoples to participate and enjoy the feast
of life, overcoming the powers of death and destruction. This vision of new
life has been given to nations under Roman empire and now it is being
revitalized for the present world. [1]
We confess, therefore, that Jesus the Messiah is the Life of the
World,[2] as Jesus proclaimed, “I am
the Life.”[3] Jesus is the
eschatological pivot (T’aigeuk (太極) – the Messianic feast of
life. Jesus is the Omega point of life of all living beings.
This vision is the
ultimate ground of our hope for new heaven, new earth, and new community of
conviviality (feast of life). This is the ground of imagination and passion for
new civilization to overcome the current civilization. In our faith we are
firmly grounded in Jesus, who is Life - the Omega Point of the civilization of
life.
Through this scope we
read the Bible as the text of the wisdom of life to meet Jesus the Life of the
World, who liberates all living beings from the powers of death and
destruction; to worship the Creator of Life, who has covenanted with us as the
creative partner of all living beings on earth; and to accept the Spirit as the
Sustaining Power and Energy of Life throughout the entire cosmos, that is, the
Womb and Household of Life. This vision we may want to call as ‘OIKONOMIA
CONVIVENCIA’ for all living beings in the cosmos(OIKOS).
Through this scope we
also visit all traditions of life in search for the wisdom of life which the
God of Life has provided throughout the cosmic history of all living beings. It
is in this context that we read the religious traditions of our people as well
as ethnic and cultural traditions in search for wisdom of life (Zoesophia). Our
search for wisdom of life will be immensely rich and profound, for we see
through the Scope of Jesus the Pivot (Taegeuk: 太極) of Oikonomia
Convivencia and the Omega Point of Life. Our journey toward a new civilization of life for all living
beings on earth leads to paths of rich wisdom of life.
The Story of the Life
of All Living Beings in the Cosmos(Oikos) = ZOEGRAPHY
“Zoegraphy” is a story
of the whole life of all living beings. It is a story of wisdom of life. It is
wholistic and integral study, against reductionist, fragmentary logic or its
objectivistic composites. It is a story of life in contrast to technocratic
dictates that control, manipulate govern the universe. Zoegraphy is a living
story, not an objective description, of living beings. It is a story of living
wisdom. It is a rich story of traditional reservoirs of such wisdom, contained
in cultures and religions of the people and in the lives of all living beings.
Some contours of the
Wisdom of Life:
1.
All living beings are subjects of the life
together(OIKONOMIA CONVIVENCIA), blessed by God to live together in fullness on
earth. This is the ground of direct participation of all living beings in their
livelihood. This is the Messianic politics in which peoples, nations and all
other living beings as sovereign subjects participate in the feast of life in
the Oikos (cosmos) of life.
2.
The economy of life together (convivial life –
Oikonomia Convivencia) in self-reliance, justice and mutuality is grounded in
the Sabbath and the Jubilee economy. All
resources are commons for all living beings to share.
3.
Whole and healthy life is blessed, as all
living beings are their own preservers and healers of their bodies in person,
community and ecology. Rich wisdom for healthy and whole life is found in the
story of life in Asian traditions.
4.
Peace and security of life is the fundamental
order, based upon justice and the right to life of living beings. This is the
Biblical meaning of Shalom and also of T’aiping (great peace). Food, housing,
clothing, health, education, environmental protection and cultural life are
fundamentals of life for all living beings.
5.
Life in fullness means that all living beings
are cultural subjects of beauty, values and communion (communication). Creative
arts and values are fundamental for the enjoyment of life (Fiesta of Life).
6.
Life should be free from violence and war, from
political domination, from economic exploitation and robbery, and from military
conquest and destruction. All living beings are peace makers based upon the covenant
of justice and conviviality.
7.
The cosmos (heaven and earth) is the common
abode (household) of all living beings, who are co-workers in sustaining the
ecological order of life for themselves (OIKONOMIA CONVIVENCIA). Technocratic
engineering will not be the solution for the health of the earthly and cosmic
Oikos.
8.
All living beings are spiritual beings and
partners who worship God and enjoy their spiritual fellowship. This is an
ultimate fellowship of all living beings. All religions converge in spiritual
life and in ultimate values.
The
story of life(Zoegraphy) in East Asia is called as that of Samgsaeing(相生), “Ubutu”
in Africa, “Hidup Bersama” in Indonesia and conviviality in English. I am
calling this as that of “OIKONOMIA CONVIVENCIA”.
Ecumenical Praxis of Hope for New
Civilization among Asian Peoples
The fundamental
shortcomings and problems of the Western technocracy can be resolved through
the creative process of convergence of the Asian and African other traditional wisdom
of life with the Western scientific knowledge and technologies. This may be a
creative gateway for a new civilizational horizon. Asian Christian communities
and Asian peoples must assess this route of new civilization through internal
and external convergence of civilizations, religious and cultural traditions
and wisdom of life for all living beings.
Christian communities
of New Life in Asia need to link the New Life in Christ clearly and concretely
with the struggles for new life of the people in their stories and in their
religious, cultural and philosophical traditions. This may be a major
missiological and theological task of Asian Christian communities for the
praxis of New Life. This may be the way for Christian communities to share their
wisdom in Christ with the peoples of Asia, and to inject it into the life of
the people and their aspirations, even as Christian communities share the
sufferings of the Asian people. Western
progressive thought often has given strong influence to the struggles of
peoples in Asia, even though generally Western thought has underestimated Asian
peoples’ religious and cultural traditions. Due to the Western colonial
influences in Asia, Western thought, being closely associated with the
colonial, imperial and economic powers, has functioned negatively in the life
of Asian peoples. Our proposal is for a
multi-religious, multi-cultural ecumenical methodology, including linkage
between religious and secular, for the praxis of new life. This methodology is
not merely for the Asian Christian communities, but for the whole global
Christian community. For the praxis of new life should be done in the context
of globalization.
OIKONOMIA CONVIVENCIA: The Political
Economy of Life in the New Heaven and New Earth Is the New Garden of Life
(OIKONOMIA TOU ZOEè
Economy of Life).
In
the light of the Biblical narrative of the political economy of life (Oikonomia
Convivencia), alternatives to the current globalization system may be considered
in terms of ways and means to overcome the power of this greed and to transform
the global market into the Garden of Life.
The Praxis of Jubilee Economy for the
Asian Peoples in the Context of Globalization
Since
the praxis of hope is a Kairotic action, or a Messianic movement of the people,
we need to deal with the issue of globalization, which is profoundly
influencing the life, nations and peoples on earth.
We
have already noted the globalized market and its impact, namely, the radical
geo-political shift that is erecting a framework of globalized civilization in
which the Modern West will dominate. Globalization of capital has made drastic
changes in people’s economic life, victimizing most of the peoples in the
world, even in the midst of global economic growth. Political institutions,
national and local, are seriously weakened; and people are becoming more and
more helpless and passive. The market-driven competition is bringing about a
new social Darwinism, a correlate of Neo-liberalism, intensifying social
violence, and undermining human and life security nets. Market- driven cultural
life threatens the cultural identities and values of individuals and
communities, and even it is experiencing chaos in the aesthetic life of the
people. Religious heritages and wisdom are eroded in the globalization process.
The ecological crisis is not merely the question of nature, but challenges the
whole of life, human and natural.
A Just and Healthy Life: Against Starvation, Hunger and Poverty
Economy
has undergone its historical development with mixed and paradoxical blessings
for life. OIKOS + NOMOS = OIKONOMIA. Originally, economy meant the human
activity of caring for life in the home and in the garden. 경세제민 (經世濟民) is the East Asian notion of economy,
which means “caring for the people according to canonical scriptures.”
Human
greed, manifested in many different forms, has caused starvation, hunger and
poverty as the economy has grown and developed into new stages. Riches have
been amassed by the powerful in each stage of human history. Now the power of
global capital and its transnational corporate institutions dominates the
emerging global market. Their monopoly of science and technology enables them
to have almost unlimited power and influence, beyond any control. In recent
years, money and financial power are victimizing the people mercilessly. All
exchanges and dealings among peoples are controlled by the global market
agencies so as to satisfy the insatiable greed of capital. Profit maximization
and absolute control are the goals of their game.
New
life in the cosmos demands a new economic justice. A true OIKONOMIA needs to be
articulated according to the needs of life on earth. Now, economy is separated
from other dimensions of earth-life. This situation must be overcome through a
life-enhancing concept of economy. The orientation toward growth and profit
maximization should be transformed, in support of local communities with
self-reliant, self-sufficient resources of economic wellbeing and economic
justice, based in the “glocal” situation.
A Life of Peace: Against War and Destruction of Life
Human
history has been a history of war among human groups and against nature. Some
hold the view that civilization has developed through the process of creating
weapons of war. The 20th century experienced the two World Wars; and
now science and technology, with its cybernetic and technetronic developments,
has enabled humans to engage in total, omnipotent wars to destroy human and
cosmic life in its totality.
A
new life demands a matrix of security for the peace of life as a whole, one
that is capable of overcoming wars at local, national, regional, international
and global levels. Comprehensive peace movements with effective study and
praxis on all levels are needed for a new life on earth.
The
Biblical vision for peace and life and its ecumenical manifestations in Asia
and the world will generate hope and imagination for a new, eternal life in the
cosmos.
A Life of Direct and Common
Participation in Convivial Networks:
Against Oppression
Political
institutions have oppressed the people in many different ways. Nations and peoples have suffered despotism,
autocratic rule, imperial domination, national totalitarianism, state
dictatorship, military dictatorship, religious-political symbiosis, colonialism
and ideologically rigid rules in many different forms. Western liberal
democracy has not brought about the full participation of the people. It
enhanced liberal political rights such as human rights and other individual
political freedoms, but it also opened the door for the powerful and the rich
to dominate the weak and the poor. Recent neo-liberal developments are a sequel
to liberal political democracy. Liberal tradition has failed to control either
the global market or national markets.
Globalization
has made political boundaries of nation states and national security measures
obsolete to an increasing degree. Already we have experienced the domination of
the super powers; and now transnational corporate powers override all
conceivable boundaries that may inhibit their activities. The nation state no
longer fully represents the people, preserving and securing their sovereignty.
Often it succumbs to the power of transnational agencies and corporate
entities.
The
people themselves demand direct participation and involvement in the global
market, as well as radical democratization of the existing political
institutions. For this, they must realize their political selfhood at the
local, national, regional and global levels.
Such
democratization will require a local-national-regional-global network of
participation and solidarity that is commensurate in strength with the global
powers and principalities. We will need new political institutions on all
levels for glocal participation and solidarity across the boundaries set by the
dominant powers. That is, we need a new vision of ecumenical politics for new
life on earth.
In
fact, a radically new political process of direct participation and solidarity
networking is coming into being all around the world. This may be the only way
to control and overcome the tyranny and domination of despotism, military
dictatorships, imperial and colonial powers, and transnational corporate
powers.
Life of Shalom (Secure Well-being with
Justice): Against Social Conflict and
Violence
Human
history has revealed itself as a jungle where the strong eat the weak and the
fittest alone can survive. This process as been manifested in social relations
in many different ways. The classical contradictions have appeared where ethnic
or racial, class or caste, gender or social-status differences have formed the
vortex of social violence. In this jungle there is no justice, no community, no
cooperation and no peace.
Globalization
has brought a new social process, dictated by the so-called new social
Darwinism, in which new conflicts and contradictions, such as between information
haves and have-nots, are emerging. Injustice is deepening; and the intensity of
conflicts is mounting, to cause greater violence and its cyclical acceleration.
Social justice, social security, social peace and social reconciliation are
being redesigned in a global process whereby neo-liberal ideology leads people
to worship competition. In this ideology the victor is glorified regardless of
the means or ways used. The people need a new approach for common living in all
their local, national and global communities.
Welfare
state social security systems, as well as socialist state social security
systems, must be transformed to establish dynamic human community based in
justice, peace and harmony. The prerequisite for this may be people’s
participation in their local community, as such participation is closely
connected with the network of common human security throughout the world.
A Life of Rich Meaningfulness and Fine
Beauty: Against Desertification of
Cultural Life
Culture
is the soul of civilization. It is the art of common life, through which the
people attain their identity, value orientation, aesthetic sensibility, and
enjoyment of life. Culture is the art of common life in the cosmos. Culture
gives people their perceptual apparatus and orientation of understanding.
Culture is the reservoir of the wisdom of life of people in the cosmos.
Globalization
has greatly affected the cultures of the peoples and nations of the world,
through its accelerating use of technetronics and cybernetics, along with
high-tech information and communication.
Ethnic,
national and cultural identities—the inner core of life in community throughout
the cosmos—are being radically eroded by the impact of globalization. Those
affected most are the powerless and marginalised ethnic and national
communities.
People’s
perceptions, value orientations and world-views are being warped by hi-tech
media and communications, dictated largely by the global market forces.
Mammonism and consumerism, materialism and hedonism are spreading in the minds
and hearts of peoples around the world.
Likewise, hi-tech communications and cybernetic informatics are bringing
rapid changes to markets, politics and social processes. What is “beautiful” is
redefined in terms of the market-oriented pleasure mechanism; and knowledge is
reduced to the level of technical know-how.
Culture,
the spiritual home of life, contains the wisdom of life in the cosmos.
Spirituality is the vital energy of life. Culture and spirituality are eroded
in the globalization process. Modern philosophy, science and technology have
reduced and uprooted our spiritual core of life, reducing it to rationality.
The
religious dimension of culture, and therefore of life, has been eradicated at
its root. Religions are the substance of civilizations, and cultures are forms
in which religious truths and spirituality find expression. Modernity has
reduced religion to the minimum of what is rational, and suppressed the
spiritual mystery of life in the name of rationality. The suppression of
religious vitality has been detrimental to the vitality of life.
It
is most worrisome that the global market will increasingly be exchanging
cultural commodities, which may occupy the main market process. Globalization
commercializes popular, mass and indigenous cultures into market commodities.
This is causing various problems such as homogenization, cultural
desertification, identity crises, and drastic injustices in terms of the
cultural powers of communication and information. As information becomes a
commodity for the market, information gaps will seriously affect the balance of
power, replacing the economic gap between rich and poor.
There
is, in the local communities, a demand for new cultural movement that is truly life
enhancing. The Asian civilizations enshrine great religious truths and their
manifestations, which may the wellspring of wisdom and resources of new life of
the people of the cosmos. The Asian civilization may be the cradle of a new
global civilization that can counter the current cultural process under the
dictates of globalization. Cultural creativity is very much demanded for this
new life, not for profit in the market.
A Life of Conviviality in the Macro-
and Micro-Cosmos: Against the
Destruction of Life
Modernity
has created a fatal split between life in human community and life in nature.
It has further reduced the reality of life to bio-chemical processes. This is
the epitome of modern reductionism’s understanding of life.
The
industrial civilization, based on modern science and technology, has sought
progress by conquering the natural forces, thereby creating the current
environmental destruction process. Unless the fundamental paradigm of the
industrial economy and its civilizational assumptions are radically altered and
transformed, there can be no solution to the ecological crisis. The fundamental
attitude of modernity is also present in the life sciences. A prime example is
the genetic modification methodology in food production, which consistently practices
reduction and domination of life, and
seriously
threatens the process of life as a whole.
Life
is a whole. Life is to be cared for as the Garden of Life. Gardening of life
demands respect for life in the cosmos, in its integrity and its entirety. To
enhance life in the cosmos we need an entirely new paradigm of life that
overcomes the understanding of life as the object of manipulation. Life must prosper,
against damnation by death and destruction.
A Life of Bliss in Celebration: Against a Life of Curse and Tragedy
The
peak bliss of life is to glorify God and enjoy life with God. The foundation of
such bliss and celebration of life is based upon faith in God. God has made the
covenant of life in Shalom. Life is life when it overcomes the power of death.
Life is true life when it has the eternal dimension. Life is truly life when it
is fulfilled in a whole and full life. This is the foundation of new life
according to the Biblical teachings. This reality of blissful life should be
realized on this earth in a Kairotic way. This is the beginning and the
culmination of the study of life.
The above and more
dimensions of new life may be converging in the dynamic movement of all living
beings as a whole.
A Concluding Word: from
Unity to Convergence
Ecumenical Discourse
may be re-composed as a discourse for creative “comic (OIKOKOS) convergences
for creative paths of Zoesophia (Wisdom of Life) toward the OMEGA POINT OF LIFE
for a new civilization of life, testified in the Jesus the Messiah of New Life
in New Heaven and New Earth.
[1] Then I
saw a new heaven and a new earth; for the first heaven and the first earth had
passed away, and the sea was no more. 2And I saw the holy city, the new Jerusalem,
coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride adorned for her
husband. 3And I heard a loud voice from the throne
saying, ‘See, the home* of God is among mortals. He will dwell* with them; they will be his peoples,*and God himself will be with them;* 4 he will wipe every tear from their eyes. Death
will be no more;mourning and crying and pain will be no more,for the first
things have passed away.’(Revelations 21:1~4)
[2] WCC General
Assembly theme in 1983.
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